In order to enable the text of your journal to be fully searchable alongside other online content—a crucial feature in ensuring its discoverability—we need you to create an abstract and to identify keywords for the full text of your journal as well as abstracts and keywords for each chapter. By creating these, you will ensure that the contents of your journal are represented as you think best and most appropriate. This information may well be the primary means by which students, academics, and researchers are led to your content in its digital forms.

Abstracts :The abstract should provide a clear idea of the main arguments and conclusions of your chapter, while chapter abstracts should give an overview of the content of each chapter, including the introduction and conclusion. The abstract may be no more than 250 words, where possible, you should adopt an impersonal voice rather than using personal pronouns: “This paper discusses...” rather than: “In this chapter, I discuss...”

Abstracts cannot be more than one paragraph in length and cannot contain the following:

• lists of any kind
• tables
• footnotes or endnotes
• graphics or
• boxed material.

Only the following special formatting is allowed:

• italics
• bold
• small caps or
• superscript/subscript.

Keywords : Please suggest 5–10 keywords for the paper. The keywords will enable the full text of the journal to be searchable online. Keywords are equivalent to terms in an index in a printed work and distinguish the most important ideas, names, and concepts in the journal.

• Each keyword should be kept short, one word where possible (though two- and three-word specialist terms are also acceptable where necessary);
• A keyword should not be too generalized;
• A keyword cannot contain punctuation of any sort (i.e., no commas, periods, colons, semi-colons, etc.);
• Keywords should not be too generalized;
• Each keyword should appear in the accompanying abstract;
• A keyword can be drawn from the book or chapter title, as long as it also appears in the text of the related abstract;
• A keyword must be all lower case except for proper nouns; and
• No special formatting (e.g., italics, bold, superscript text, etc.).